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План Перемоги: Зеленський планує розділити із США рідкоземельні метали України

Новообраний американський президент Дональд Трамп обіцяє завершити війну в Україні вже цього року. Як зазначається розроблений План Перемоги, і одним із його пунктів є бажання США отримати доступ до рідкоземельних металів України, серед яких літій, титан, графіт. Відомо, що українська земля багата критично важливими матеріалами на суму 14,8 трильйонів доларів — більше всього (70%) знаходяться […]

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Гороскоп на 5 лютого 2025 року за картами Таро для всіх знаків Зодіаку

  Карти Таро можуть дати глибоке розуміння ситуацій, що очікують нас у цей день. Вони розкривають не тільки загальні тенденції, а й надають цінні поради для кожного знака зодіаку. Давайте розглянемо, які енергії будуть переважати 5 лютого та що чекає на вас. Більше гороскопів читайте у розділі Астрологія Час-Дій. ♈ Овен – Карта дня: Колісниця […]

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Як правильно висаджувати хвойні, щоб вони не загинули

Весною до настання спекотної погоди можна пересаджувати хвойні рослини. Загалом це можна робити двічі на рік, а не тільки осінню, як думає більшість дачників. Хвойні рослини мають особливості, які треба враховувати та не робити помилок при висаджуванні. Тоді ваші старання не будуть марними. Ось про найчастіші помилки зараз і піде мова. Порушення груди землі Одне […]

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Contents of 2,000-year-old scroll badly burnt by Mount Vesuvius revealed for the first time using incredible technique

AN ANCIENT scroll that had nearly turned to charcoal in the volcanic eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79AD may be about to have its secrets revealed.

After 2,000years, the contents of the scroll can be seen once more after scientists used a combination of X-ray imaging and artificial intelligence (AI) to see inside.

Burnt ancient scroll being examined.
Bodleian Library
The scroll was discovered in Herculaneum, an ancient Roman town that was buried under the massive volcanic cloud from Mount Vesuvius[/caption]
X-ray scan of an ancient scroll.
Vesuvius Challenge
Some letters are already legible, according to researchers, who believe it could be a work of philosophy[/caption]
X-ray of ancient scroll revealed by AI.
Vesuvius Challenge
The University of Oxford’s Bodleian Library holds a number of the scrolls, but they have been untouched for decades – until now[/caption]

The papyrus scroll hasn’t actually been unravelled – and doing so would likely turn it to dust.

Instead, scientists have cleverly digitally unwrapped it, exposing rows and columns of text.

The team now has the task of deciphering the text, but they say the results are looking promising.

“We’re confident we will be able to read pretty much the whole scroll in its entirety, and it’s the first time we’ve really been able to say that with high confidence,” said Stephen Parsons, project lead for the Vesuvius Challenge, an international competition attempting to unlock the Herculaneum scrolls.

Some letters are already legible, according to researchers, who believe it could be a work of philosophy.

The scroll was discovered in Herculaneum, an ancient Roman town that was buried under the massive volcanic cloud from Mount Vesuvius.

Hundreds of scrolls were found in Herculaneum, which had all essentially turned to carbon.

In the past, some of the documents were unravelled but crumbled into pieces.

The University of Oxford’s Bodleian Library holds a number of the scrolls, but they have been left untouched for decades.

Recent advancements in technology, allowing the scrolls to be 3D reconstructed by powerful X-ray beams without damaging them, prompted this latest scroll to be taken out of storage.

Researchers have to identify each layer of the scroll.

AI is then used to detect the ink – a tricky feat since both the papyrus (thick paper) and the ink have both turned to carbon and are now almost indistinguishable.

Once the ink has been detected, it is digitally painted onto the scroll.

We can tell the entire scroll is full of text. Now we can work on making it show up more clearly.

Stephen Parsons, project lead for the Vesuvius Challenge

“We can tell the entire scroll is full of text,” said Parsons.

“Now we can work on making it show up more clearly. We’re going to go from a handful of words to really substantial passages.”

Experts at the Bodleian took the scroll to the UK’s national synchrotron facility, Diamond Light Source in Oxfordshire.

A synchrotron is an advanced X-ray machine that can examine materials on an atomic level.

How AI & X-rays are unravelling scroll secrets

AI and X-rays are revolutionising the study of ancient scrolls by enabling researchers to virtually “unroll” and decipher texts that are too fragile to handle physically.

X-rays, particularly advanced methods like X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), create highly detailed 3D scans of scrolls.

These scans capture the layers of tightly wound or damaged parchment or papyrus without physically unrolling them, preserving their integrity.

X-rays can also detect variations in density caused by metallic or carbon-based inks used in ancient writing.

AI algorithms, particularly those using deep learning, can segment layers of text by identifying and separating individual layers of the scroll from 3D X-ray data, isolating the text for analysis.

They can also recognise text by enhancing faint markings or patterns corresponding to ancient writing, often revealing characters that are invisible to the naked eye.

AI algorithms can reconstruct incomplete sections as well. Machine-learning models can fill in the gaps or predict any missing text.

For scrolls where X-rays detect ink differences, AI can distinguish metallic inks – typically used in later periods of history – from carbon-based inks, enabling a more detailed and context-sensitive interpretation.

Advanced imaging can also track even faint remnants of ink strokes, reconstructing text in incredible detail.

Last year, the Vesuvius Challenge team managed to read about 5% of another Herculaneum scroll.

The ancient text was an example of Greek Epicurean philosophy – which the Bodleian’s scroll is also expected to be.

The competition has even put a prize fund of £400,000 on the line for anyone who can decipher another Herculaneum relic known as PHerc.172.

PHerc.172 is one of roughly 800 scrolls unearthed in the Villa of the Papyri, a luxurious estate believed to have belonged to Lucius Calpurnius Piso Caesoninus, Julius Caesar’s father-in-law.

The villa, based in the ancient Herculaneum, is thought to house one of the finest libraries of antiquity, including works of Greek philosophy and possibly undiscovered Roman literature.

The first milestone in the Vesuvius Challenge was reached in February 2024, when three students shared a $700,000 prize for reading parts of another scroll.

The success of the competition has attracted tech moguls like Elon Musk, who funded later phases of the competition.

The destruction of Pompeii – what happened in 79 AD?

  • Pompeii was an ancient Roman city near modern Naples, in the Campania region of Italy.
  • It was destroyed, along with the Roman town of Herculaneum and many villas in the surrounding area, and buried under volcanic ash in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD.
  • The violent explosion killed the city’s inhabitants, with the site lost for around 1,500 years until its initial rediscovery in 1599 and broader rediscovery almost 150 years later.
  • The thermal energy released from Vesuvius was said to be a hundred thousand times that of the nuclear blasts at Hiroshima-Nagasaki.
  • The remains beneath the city have been preserved for more than a millenium due to the lack of air and moisture in the ground.
  • During excavations, plaster was injected into the voids in the ash layers that once held human bodies, allowing scientists to recreate their exact poses at the time of their deaths.
  • Mount Vesuvius is arguably the most dangerous volcano on earth.
  • It had been inactive for almost a century before roaring back into life and destroying Pompeii.
  • Since then, it has exploded around three dozen more times – most recently in 1944 – and stands in close proximity to three million people.
  • Although its current status is dormant, Vesuvius is an “extremely active” and unpredictable volcano, according to experts.
  • To this day, scientists are finding cultural, architectural and human remains on the banks of Mount Vesuvius.
  • Excavations at thermal baths in Pompeii’s ruins in February revealed the skeleton of a crouching child who perished in the 79 AD eruption.
Burnt ancient scroll fragments in a container.
Bodleian Library
Last year, the Vesuvius Challenge team managed to read about 5% of another Herculaneum scroll[/caption]

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Mikel Arteta reveals wonderkid Ethan Nwaneri BANNED from getting ready in same changing room as Arsenal team-mates

ETHAN NWANERI has to use a separate changing room from the rest of the Arsenal squad – because he’s too young.

The 17-year-old is enjoying a breakthrough year at the Emirates after coming through the Gunners’ Academy.

Ethan Nwaneri of Arsenal celebrates scoring a goal.
Getty
Ethan Nwaneri is not able to get changed in the same changing room as his Arsenal teammates[/caption]
Mikel Arteta, Arsenal manager, at a training session.
Getty
Mikel Arteta has eased the teenager into first-team action over the past two seasons[/caption]

Nwaneri has scored in back-to-back games, including off the bench in the 5-1 mauling of Manchester City last weekend.

But the teenager isn’t allowed to mix with his teammates in the first-team changing room – due to strict safeguarding rules.

Arteta said: “Ethan cannot be in our dressing room still, which is unbelievable.

“He needs to get dressed somewhere else, even on match day.”

Premier League safeguarding rules mean players must be 18 or older to share a dressing room with the senior squad.

Arteta has highlighted Nwaneri’s friendship with Myles Lewis-Skelly, 18, as a key driver behind the teenager’s success.

The pair are both graduates of the Arsenal academy and are inseparable off the field.

Arteta continued: “When you see those two [Lewis-Skelly and Nwaneri] walking next to each other, talking to each other, there is a bond there and a chemistry there.

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“I imagine for them it is special because at the moment they are still in different dressing rooms.

‘So to have somebody close to him that has that trust, that confidence, that link, I think it is lucky.

“They are very lucky to have each other.”

Nwaneri created history in 2022 by becoming the youngest player to make his debut in the Premier League.

Both Lewis-Skelly and Nwaneri were nurtured by development coach Dan Micciche.

Myles Lewis-Skelly and Ethan Nwaneri of Arsenal in the team dressing room.
Getty
Nwaneri enjoys a close relationship with fellow Arsenal academy graduate Myles Lewis-Skelly (left)[/caption]

The former England Under-16s boss has previously worked with Cole Palmer, Phil Foden and Jadon Sancho,

Micciche told SunSport: “Those two are technically outstanding.

[Arteta] had them over [with the first team] since a very young age. He knew about them when they were 14.

“First of all, it was their focus to play football.

Arsenal player ratings vs Man City

ARSENAL stunned Man City 5-1 at the Emirates on Sunday evening.

It was an incredible result against their rivals of recent years.

Here, we take a look at how the Gunners rated…

David Raya – 7/10
Had very little to do in the first half but made a brilliant save in the 22nd minute to deny a goalbound header from Josko Gvardiol. Made another stunning save two minutes from the half-time interval, stopping a deflected Savinho shot from close range. Powerless to stop Erling Haaland’s 55th-minute header from briefly levelling the scores.

Jurrien Timber – 6
Didn’t offer his usual attacking threat going forward but was solid defensively. Picked up a pointless yellow breaking up a harmless counter-attack in the 24th minute. Almost scored late in the second half.

William Saliba – 5
Didn’t have much to do in the first half but won all his aerial battles in the first 45 minutes. Marshalled the defence well early in the second period but was embarrassingly outjumped and outmuscled by Haaland for City’s equaliser – a major flaw of his that continues to be exposed.

Gabriel Magalhaes – 6
Like his defensive partner, he was seldom called into action in the first half. Dominant in the air in his battles with Haaland, who he trolled after Odegaard’s goal.

Myles Lewis-Skelly – 8
Continues to endear himself to the Emirates faithful with composure and tenacity beyond his years as he brilliantly floated between left back and midfield. Put real daylight between the two sides with a thumping finish just after the hour mark. This young lad is a real bright prospect for both the Gunners and England.
His trolling of Haaland by copying the Norwegian’s ‘Lotus’ celebration went down a storm with fans.

Thomas Partey – 7
Steady in the heart of midfield and broke up play well when required. Fired the Gunners back into the lead in the 57th minute with a deflected shot from outside the box.

Martin Odegaard – 7
Was in the right place at the right time to benefit from the aftermath of an uncharacteristic Manuel Akanji error and break the deadlock. Was at the heart of everything good the north Londoners did going forward.

Declan Rice – 6
Combative, as always, in the middle of the park and played a role in the home side taking the lead, teeing up Havertz who squared the ball to Odegaard.

Leandro Trossard – 6
Was particularly lively on the left in the first half, giving Matheus Nunes a real run for his money. His end product, however, wasn’t the best.

Gabriel Martinelli – 6
Lively on the right wing in the early goings. Found the back of the net in the fifth minute after some beautiful play from Odegaard but was needlessly offside. Forced a good save out of Ortega with a rasping effort in the 68th minute.

Kai Havertz – 6
Lively early doors, testing Stefan Ortega with a tame shot in the first minute. Teed up Odegaard for a tap in a few moments later. Missed a golden opportunity to double the lead in the 25th minute, dragging the ball wide with the goal at his absolute mercy. Made amends for his howler by finishing an even harder chance in the 76th minute. He well and truly needed that as he looked absolutely devoid of confidence.

SUBS

Ethan Nwaneri – 83 (on for Trossard) – 7
Put the cherry on top of the cake with an outrageous effort in second-half stoppage time.

Mikel Merino – 83 (on for Odegaard) – 5

Raheem Sterling – 89 (on for Kai Havertz ) – N/A

Riccardo Calafiori 89 (on for Lewis-Skelly) – N/A

Read more on all the latest Arsenal news.

“They’re great lads but when it is time to train and play they were always 100 per cent focused and committed to what they are doing.

“There was never at any time an issue of them lacking focus or that willingness to improve, their mentality was incredible, although they ticked all the boxes.

“Technically outstanding, physically they were efficient movers, their football athleticism was good.

“They delivered when it counts. They won a lot of youth tournaments together, when it came to semi-finals and finals they would deliver that.

“They would score goals, they would create goals, they would dominate games. That’s what the best players do, they deliver in big moments and that’s what they did.”

Unlock even more award-winning articles as The Sun launches brand new membership programme – Sun Club.

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Love Island All Stars final date revealed after show star let it slip – and it’s just days away

THE LOVE Island All Stars final is days away as the action ramps up in the villa.

The new series began on January 13 and has been full of drama ever since.

Luca Bish and Samie Elishi kissing.
Rex
Drama erupted last night when Luca kissed Samie during a game of Spin The Bottle[/caption]
Ekin-Su Culculoglu and Curtis Pritchard on Love Island: All Stars.
Rex
Ekin-Su and Curtis have been coupled up since the start[/caption]
Love Island: All Stars contestants gathered around a table.
Rex
It all kicked off during a game of truth or dare[/caption]

But now the South Africa villa is getting ready to close its doors for another series as the final date has been revealed.

A Love Island host let slip the date in recent episodes of the show’s daily podcast.

Presenter and former Islander Amy hart revealed it was “two weeks away”.

Love Island finals traditionally air on Monday nights, with this series’ finale date landing on Monday, February 17.

The Sun has contacted ITV for comment.

Love Island All Stars is averaging 2million viewers per episode and has been streamed 47million times in total – making it ITVX’s most streamed show and biggest digital audience for 16-34s of the year so far.

And Sunday night’s episode had the highest ratings of this series yet as viewers tuned in to watch Curtis’ recoupling decision when he was torn between Ekin-Su and bombshell Danielle.

They recovered from their blip when he picked Ekin-Su, and now Luca and Grace have taken centre stage in the villa drama.

Tensions erupted last night when Luca kissed new stunning bombshell Samie during a game of Spin The Bottle.

Luca he tried to mumble an apology to Grace, she snapped back: “Shut the f**k up”.

Raging, the blonde beauty was soon heard whispering to Luca “disrespectful”.

However, her reaction annoyed Luca and he was seen storming off.

Earlier in the episode, it was revealed how Samie and Luca had been DM’ing one another outside of the villa.

It came up as they chatted after she arrived on the show as the latest bombshell.

Sami wasted no time in saying how she felt, and said to Luca: “I fancy you, I think you’re good looking.”

Luca then replied: “I think you’re good looking.”

Samie then questioned: “So you fancy me?”

Love Island All Stars 2025 official line-up

Love Island All Stars is back on TV for season 2.

Here we take you through the line-up of all the Islanders who are in the villa so far.

Bombshells

Each series brings with it a string of hot single bombshells making their epic entrance into the villa.

Here’s who has joined the villa so far:

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New Minecraft attraction coming to UK this spring has themed rooms and interactive gaming

MINECRAFT fans in the UK will soon be able to enjoy the video game in real life thanks to a brand-new experience that’s set to open in London later this year.

Minecraft Experience: Villager Rescue will be located inside Corner Corner – a new multi-use venue in Canada Water.

Children and adults interacting with illuminated cubes and spheres at a Minecraft attraction.
Mance Communications
Minecraft Experience: Villager Rescue will be located inside Corner Corner in Canada Water[/caption]
People interacting with a Minecraft-themed interactive exhibit.
Mance Communications
The new attraction will open on April 4 and coincide with the release of A Minecraft Movie[/caption]

The new attraction will open on April 4 and coincide with the release of A Minecraft Movie.

Minecraft Experience: Villager Rescue will feature seven rooms based on the best-selling video game.

Lasting 45 minutes, visitors will enter through the forest and be guided by two unique characters called Tobin and Dayo.

These characters will teach gamers how to use the ‘Orb of Interaction’, a glowing interactive handheld device that guides users through each room.

Visitors will then move into the village where they’ll receive their quest and embark on a mission to rescue a village that’s under siege from a zombie attack.

Using their orbs, gamers must gather essential ingredients to help free their fellow Minecrafters from the zombies.

Gamers will come into contact with characters like pandas, dolphins, skeletons and spiders.

Once the quest has been complete, visitors will celebrate their achievements at the Minecraft Experience Trading Post.

The new experience is being brought to life as part of a three-way development between Experience MOD, Mojang Studios and Microsoft.

Kayleen Walters, Head of Franchise Development at Mojang Studios, said: “After a successful debut in Dallas, Texas, this past autumn, we’re excited to bring our first-ever immersive touring Minecraft Experience to its next stop in London!

Children interacting with a Minecraft-themed interactive exhibit.
Mance Communications
Children’s tickets to the new experience start from £20 per person[/caption]

“We are thrilled to offer players and fans new ways to engage with the Minecraft brand starting this April”.

Olivier Goulet, founder of Supply + Demand, added: “Minecraft Experience is an adventure unlike anything we have ever created.

“The collaboration between our creative and producing team and the teams at Mojang and Microsoft has created an entirely new form of in-person experience at the crossroads of game design, experiential storytelling, and high-tech multimedia”.

A waiting list for tickets launched today (February 5), giving would-be gamers access to the presale.

Presale launched on February 12, with general sale tickets launching two days later on February 14 at 10am.

Children’s tickets start from £20, with adult tickets (anyone aged 16 and over) from £24.

A brand-new Pac-Man attraction will be launching in the UK later this year – here’s everything we know so far.

New Minecraft Attraction

LONDON isn’t the only place that’s set to get a new Minecraft attraction.

Last year, Merlin Entertainments, signed the deal to oversee the the projects inspired by the greatest-selling video game of all time.

A Minecraft-themed attraction, including a ride, will launch in both the UK and US between 2026 and 2027, at either an existing theme park or as a new city centre tourist venue.

According to Merlin, guests will be able to immerse themselves in the physical Minecraft world with “digitally enabled real-life experiences and the creation of touchpoints that will allow guests to unlock exclusive in-game content to continue their gaming journey.”

There are also plans to expand into Minecraft hotel rooms, gift shop merchandise and food.

Meanwhile, a hugely popular kids’ TV show launches a ‘time-travelling experience’ at a UK attraction.

And a huge new attraction will launch in the UK next year based on an iconic 1980s video game.

Two boys interacting with a large Minecraft-style golem.
Mance Communications
Presale tickets to the new attraction will go on sale on February 12, with general sale following two days later[/caption]
Children interacting with illuminated cubes at a Minecraft attraction.
Mance Communications
The new Minecraft experience will last 45 minutes with gamers tasked to rescue a village under siege[/caption]

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Kay Burley, 64, retires from Sky News after 36 years and says ‘it’s time for me to indulge in other passions’

KAY Burley has announced she is retiring from Sky News after 36 years.

The broadcaster, 64, closed the final show of her Sky News Breakfast programme this morning.

Kay Burley in a lavender suit, standing in front of a colorful graphic backdrop.
Matt Frost
Kay Burley has retired from Sky News after 36 years[/caption]

She said: “From a standing start to one of the most recognised and valued brands in global news, its been an honour and privilege to work with some of the best and hardest working teams in the business.

“News by its very nature is often devastating and together we’ve covered so many life-changing events – from the tragic death of Diana, the shocking terror attack of 9/11; the Asian Tsunami; the Concorde air disaster.

“But we’ve also enjoyed some wonderful high notes too, haven’t we – the thrill of London winning the chance to host the 2012 Olympics; a plethora of royal weddings; jubilees and who can forget days and days and DAYS waiting for royal babies to arrive at the Lindo Wing.

“But after over a million minutes of live TV news – more than anyone else in the world – its time for me to indulge in some of my other passions – including my love for travel.

“So, after covering 12 separate general elections – including Sir Keir Starmer’s victory last year – I am retiring from Sky News – let politicians of every party just rejoice at that news!

“Thank you for waking up and tuning in every morning. I can’t tell you how much I have appreciated your support over the last three and a half decades: You’re awesome.

“I will post more on my social media and hope to see you around. Please keep in touch.”

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Артрит: п’ять продуктів, які посилюють запалення в організмі

  Певна їжа може посилити симптоми артриту. Британські медики рекомендують уникати п’яти продуктів, що сприяють розвитку запальних процесів в організмі. Під артритом розуміється близько 200 станів, які впливають на суглоби, викликаючи деформацію, біль, проблеми з рухом. Фахівці попереджають: деякі продукти можуть посилювати запалення в жировій тканині організму, що сприяє розвитку ожиріння, хвороб серця, артриту. “Зменшення […]

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